C:处理输入的字符

2008-05-11 13:01:32

1.以每行一个单词的形式打印其输入
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#include <stdio.h>

#define IN 1
#define OUT 0

/*print the input with one word for each line*/
int main()
{
    int c,state;

    state=OUT;
    while((c=getchar())!=EOF){
        if((c==' '||c=='\n'||c=='\t')&&(state=IN)){
          state=OUT;
          c='\n';
        }
        else if(state==OUT)
            state=IN;
        putchar(c);
    }
    return 0;
}

2.统计输入中单词长度的水平直方图

#include <stdio.h>

#define IN 1
#define OUT 0
#define MAXWORD 16

/*print horizontal histogram of words statistics*/
int main()
{
    int i,c,state,length;
    int nword[MAXWORD];

    for(i=0;i<MAXWORD;i++)
      nword[i]=0;
    state=OUT;
    length=0;

    while((c=getchar())!=EOF){
        if((c==' '||c=='\n'||c=='\t')&&(state=IN)){
          state=OUT;    /*out of a word*/
          if(length>0 && length<MAXWORD)
            nword[length]++;
          length=0;
        }
        else if(state==OUT){
            state=IN;  /*begin a word*/
            ++length;
        }
        else
          ++length;   /*in a word*/
    }
    /*print the statistics*/
    for(i=0;i<MAXWORD;i++){
        printf("%2d:",i);
        while(nword[i]>0){
            putchar('*');
            --nword[i];
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
    return 0;
}

3.统计输入中单词长度的垂直直方图

#include <stdio.h>

#define IN 1
#define OUT 0
#define MAXWORD 16

/*print vertical histogram of words statistics*/
int main()
{
    /*maxlength should be the most frequent word's appeared times*/
    int i,j,c,state,length,maxlength;
    int nword[MAXWORD];  /*the statistics array*/

    for(i=0;i<MAXWORD;i++)
      nword[i]=0;
    state=OUT;
    length=maxlength=0;

    while((c=getchar())!=EOF){
        if((c==' '||c=='\n'||c=='\t')&&(state=IN)){
          state=OUT;    /*out of a word*/
          if(length>0 && length<MAXWORD)
            nword[length]++;
          length=0;
        }
        else if(state==OUT){
            state=IN;  /*begin a word*/
            ++length;
        }
        else
          ++length;   /*in a word*/
    }
    /*print the statistics*/
    printf("\n");
    for(i=1;i<MAXWORD;i++)
        printf("%2d ",i);
    printf("\n");
    /*find the maxlength*/
    for(i=0;i<MAXWORD;i++)
        if(nword[i]>maxlength)
          maxlength=nword[i];
    for(i=0;i<maxlength;i++){
        for(j=1;j<MAXWORD;j++)
          if(nword[j]>0){
            printf(" * ");
            --nword[j];
          }else
            printf("   ");
         printf("\n");
    }
    return 0;
}

4.统计输入中字母出现频率的水平直方图

#include <stdio.h>

#define IN 1
#define OUT 0
#define LENGTH 26

/*print horizontal histogram of letters statistics*/
int main()
{
    int i,c,state;
    int nchar[LENGTH];

    for(i=0;i<LENGTH;i++)
      nchar[i]=0;
    state=OUT;

    while((c=getchar())!=EOF){
        if(c>=97&&c<=122){/*lower letter*/
            c-=32;        /*convert to upper letter */
            ++nchar[c-'A'];
        }else if(c>=65&&c<=90)
          ++nchar[c-'A'];
    }
    /*print the statistics*/
    printf("\n");
    for(i=0;i<LENGTH;i++){
        printf("%c:",i+'A');
        while(nchar[i]>0){
            putchar('*');
            --nchar[i];
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
    return 0;
}

5.删除输入行末尾的空格及制表符

#include <stdio.h>

#define MAXLINE 1000 /*the max length permitted for a line*/

int getline(char s[] ,int lim);
/*remove lines' tail blanks*/
int main()
{
    int len,i;
    char line[MAXLINE];

    while((len=getline(line,MAXLINE))>0){
        for(i=len-1;i>=0;i--)        /*search for blanks*/
          if(line[i]!=' '||line[i]!='\t')
            break;
        line[++i]='\0';            /*add new end tag*/
        printf("%s",line);
    }
    return 0;
}

/*read a line to s[] and return it's length*/
int getline(char s[] ,int lim)
{
    int c,i;

    for(i=0;i<lim-1 && (c=getchar())!=EOF && c!='\n';i++)
      s[i]=c;
    if(c=='\n')
      s[i++]=c;
    s[i]='\0';   /*the char array should include end tag '\0'*/
    return i;
}

6.将长度过长的行折成较短的行输出

#include <stdio.h>

# define MAXLENGTH 9

/*cut the longer line to standard length*/
int main()
{
    int prev,c,len;

    len=0,prev=-1;
    while((c=getchar())!=EOF){
        if(c=='\n'){
          putchar(c);
          len=0;
        }
        else if(len==MAXLENGTH){/*should be cut*/
          if(prev!=' '&&prev!='\t'){/*should add a connector '-'*/
              printf("\n-%c",c);
              len=2;
          }else{
            printf("\n%c",c);
            len=1;
          }
        }else{
          putchar(c);
          len++;
        }
        prev=c;
    }
    return 0;
}

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